Improvement in photographic cameras



' S. WING. PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.

Patented May 26, 1868.

@niirh gram issuer @ffic't.

Letters Patent No. 78,408, dated May 26, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN rnoroesasmc CAMERAS.

fill firlgelmlt t'tl'tt'ttl! to in this: Enters gaunt sub making partIII tlge mm,

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY- CONCERN:

Be it known that I, SIMON Wine, of Boston, in the county of Snliolk, andState of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in thePhotographic Camera; and I do hereby declare the following to be a. fulland correct description oi 'the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which--- Figure I is a perspectiveview of thatportion'of the instrument to which my improvements apply.

Figure 2 is a separate view of the shut-oil.

Figure 3 is a section on line :c a: of fig. 1.

The same .part is marked by the same letter wherever it occurs.

These improvements consist, first, in making the partitionself-adjusting, so as to be in contact with the diaphragm in allpositions of the lenses; second, in providing a uniform and simultaneousshut-off mall the lenses; and third, in making the handle of theshut-oil removable, so as to be inserted through the box and attachedafter the lens-block has been introduced, all as hereinafter more fullyset forth.

In a multiplying-camera it is necessary to use a partition divided intoas many compartments as there are lenses in the instrument; and thesecompartments shouldextend from the lenses to the diaphragm, in orderthat no light may pass from one compartment to another to blur thepicture.

In some of the instruments in use, the partition is fixed to thelens-block, so that when the latter is drawn away from the diaphragm, tochange the size of the pictures, the partition is also withdrawn fromcontact with the diaphragm, and an open space is left between them,across which the light is free to pass from one compartmcnt of thepartition to another, to the great injury of the pictures, which areblurred and rendered indistinct. In some instruments this ditiienlty hasbeen met by having a variety of partitions, suited to various relativedistances between the lenses and the diaphragm, and these partitions aresometimes attached to the diaphragm, which has to be removed with them.In all these cases the mode of adjustment is imperfect, clumsy,

.and inconvenient, involving considerable loss of time, andnecessitating a multiplicity of detached parts, liable to loss andinjury.

In my improved instrument, the partition is always kept in close contactwith the diaphragm, in all posi time of the lenses, by the action of aspring. When the spring is free, the lenses are at the greatest distancefrom the diaphragm that they are ever required to be, and the distanceis lessened by compressing the spring until the minimum is reached, whenthe partition is in contact with the lens-block. The range of motiongiven to the spring is suflicient'for all the changes ever required.

In the accompanying drawings, A marks the lens-block; B, the lens-tubes;C, the partition, divided, in this case, into nine compartments; D, thesprings, one on each side, attached at the middle to the lens-block,their free ends having forks, which receive and play upon the rods a.These rode a project from the corners of the block A, and receive thepartition C, which has freemotion on them towards and from thelens-block, the range of motion towards the diaphragm being limited bythe heads of the rods a, which are received in countersunk holes inthecorners of the partition. E marks the shut-oil. case, the front of whichis perforated with holes to correspond in position and number with thelenses. The shut-oil is a thin piece of wood or paste-' hoard, F,perforated with the same number of holes as the front of its case, E. Itslides up and down in the case, being operated by the handle G. Theholes in the shut-oif correspond in size and relative position withthose in the case; and when the shut-off is at its highest position, theholes coincide and admit light to the lenses. I When the handle G ispushed down, the solid portion of the shut-oh passes across the holes inE, and closes them all simultaneously. -As the handle-G would be in theway of the introduction of the. lens-block, and the parts attached toit, into the camera-box, I make it in two parts, 6 c, which are unitedby the screw 0. The handle is removed while the block isbeing-introduced, and is then inserted through a hole provided for thepurpose in the topof the box, and again screwed on.

The common method of shutting oti' is by throwing-a1 cloth over theobject-end of the instrument, or by closing it by a lid hinged-at thetop or side. The operation of either of these methods is irregular, someof the pictures necessarily receivingmore time than others. When,forexample, a. lid hingefl at top is used, the hottom'lenses, which arethe first to receive the light, are the lastto be shut ofl from it. If,therefore, part of the plate gets the proper exposure, the lower paroperating uniformly and simultaneously on all the lenses.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The self-adjusting partition C, soacting as to be in contact with the diaphragm in all 'positionsofthelenses, without interfering with the adjustment of described;

2. In combination with a. sliding shut-oil, the handle G the purpose setforth.

the upper t must get too much. My shut-off obviates this by The abovespecification of thy said invention signed and witnessedirt Boston, this21st day of Novemlier, A. D. 1867.

SIMON WING. Witnesses:

j WILLIAM QCuuvmmn, Cms. F. Srmsnwxv.

the latter, substantially in the manner and for the purpose constructedand operated in the manner and for

